The Harleian Manuscripts :: Chaucer Canterbury Tales Essays

The Harleian Manuscripts, Ha2 and Ha3 My research on the Harley manuscript versions of Chaucers The Canterbury Tales, Ha2 1758 and Ha3 7333 from the British Library led to the finding of little information except what was to be found in the footnotes of articles and books describing the Ha4 7334. The little information I did find might lead to reasons why the manuscripts, distinguishicularly the Ha3 7333, ar difficult to research and why they are seldom mentioned.I spent most of my research time on the librarys fifth floor and went through the stack of Chaucer books, particularly the publications by the Chaucer Society. I besides searched the internet for articles and research pertaining to Chaucer and the many manuscript versions of The Canterbury Tales, including the librarys electronic resources, Infotrac and JSTOR. Most of the descriptions I found on the Ha2 and Ha3, however, came from the footnotes of articles on these electronic resources and from the footnotes of the bo oks I found discussing the textual business relationship of The Canterbury Tales.One possible explanation as to why the Ha2 and Ha3 are rarely found or mentioned in comparison to the overwhelming supply of information on the Ha4 is that the Ha2 was mostly used to supply Gg.S. or Cambridge. Similarly, the Ha3 mostly supplies Lansdowne(Koch 4). Therefore, maybe what is to be found of these manuscripts, the Ha2 and Ha3, is the combining of these manuscripts with the Cambridge and Lansdowne manuscripts, since it is described that the Harley versions supply these manuscripts. This theory is also supported by the fact that the Harley manuscripts contained many similarities to Shirley. I inferred from my readings that Shirley was a scribe of one of The Canterbury Tales manuscripts, since the Harley 7333 is often times mistaken to be his work(Pace 21). This presents another(prenominal) possible explanation that the Harley was combine with another manuscript and was therefore almost comple tely lost. This is only a possibility though, because the Harley is still referred to, no matter how seldom, as its own manuscript and is not combined in description with the Cambridge or Landsdowne. In lists of the available The Canterbury Tales manuscripts, provided by various books, the Harley is still referred to as its own manuscript and is not represented as part of another.The only information I found regarding the Ha2 1758 is that it lacks ten fols.

Philosophy Examined :: Detrminism Conflicts

Assignment Comment on the Following Statements1)Out of the people edited in Abel or discussed by Palmer, the following are lowering deterministsWell, Palmer only discusses two hard determinists B.F. Skinner, and Sigmund Freud. Out of the texts read in Abel, Abel discusses Skinner and DHolbach as hard determinists.2)Hard determinism conflicts with round of our ordinary beliefs and experiences. For exampleOn the one hand, we are raised to believe that we are free, that we posses freedom of thought and action. If we come to a fork in the road, we can either go remaining or right, either choice is a free choice. A hard determinist would have us believe that our actions are determined, hence, unfree. If the hard determinists theory were in fact true, then, if we were to come to a fork in the road, what use would it be to choose the right, or the left path? For out decision has already been determined, match to the hard determinist point of view. Frankly, I find the idea of hard deter minism utterly ridiculous, and incredibly hard to defend.3)If hard determinism is true, then people can non be held accountable for their actions.This statement is true. For if hard determinism is true, then our actions are determined. Meaning that we have no control over our own actions. Therefore, we cannot be held responsible for out actions, because, we are not responsible for them, for they were determined. If this is indeed true, then the worlds judicial systems have been making mistakes for several thousands of years.4)It is possible to interpret Freud as being committed to hard determinism. It is also possible to interpret Freud as believing in freedom.This statement is making two claims, which may be interpreted differently by different people. Thus needing some explanation. It is true that Freud was committed to hard determinism, for he believed that the majority of a persons actions are motivated through the subconscious mind, the subconscious being a driving force in t he decision. Subconscious decisions are not free, for the person is not aware of the force of the subconscious. The second part of the above statement is in a sense, true. Freud, being committed to hard-determinism, could not believe it direct freedom. However, Freud did believe that a person could change, thus gaining some control over their actions, and that in a sense, is freedom (i.e. the case of the woman who kept choosing partners who beat her).

Huck Finn :: essays papers

huck FinnThe Adventures of huckleberry Finn is a well acclaimed book, written byMark Twain. It was written from 1876-1883, but the story itself is supposed tohave taken place slightly forty to fifty years earlier, back in the era of slavery. The setting for this book is very similar to the place where Twain grew up. Hewas raised in Hannibal, Missouri, but changed the name to St. Petersburg for thestory. This town was situated right along the Mississippi river which plays a verysignificant role in the tale. Each character in the novel exhibits a certainpersonality. Personalities of which Twain encountered while being a river boatpilot for four years. The narrator is actually Huck Finn himself. Chapter one introduces Huck Finn and the reader gets to know what he islike. At fist glance he may appear to be only an come out of control teenager, butthither he is in fact a very dynamic character, just wait until things begin to unfold. Huck yearns to be free from all authority. His gua rdian, Widow Douglas, is ever nagging him to be sivilized, but this seems to go one ear and out theother. He enjoys smoking, cursing, hunting and fishing. But she would ratherthat he learn to be well-behaved and go to school. The reader also sees in this chapterthat Huck is superstitious. This occurs when he accidentally kills a spider, whichsupposedly brings bad luck. The chapter ends when he hears something in thetree outside his bedroom.... Chapter twain introduces Hucks best friend, TomSawyer. They both sneak out together, almost getting caught by Jim, theWidowers slave. But they weasel their way out of it by pulling a trick on him. Which provides Jim with another bizarre story to tell, he always stretches thetruth. Both Tom Sawyer and Huck piece the same love for adventure and havegreat imaginations. For instance, they begin to create a plan to start a band ofrobbers. Tom pulls his knowledge of robbers from books he has read, so theplan ends up quite extreme. He wants all of the robbers to actually kill thepeople they rob, just because he read it in a book. Huck is definitely morerealistic than his friend and backs out of it. During chapter three we find thatHuck has been learning how to read and write. And he also begins to see signsof his Paps return. His pap is the town drunk, who just wanders around looking

Way of Life in Nicaragua Essay -- Geography

Way of Life in Nicaragua to the highest degree Nicaraguans are mestizos. That is that they have washrag andIndian ancestors. Their way of spirit is somewhat similar to that of SpanishAmericans in other Central American countries. Most people belong to theRoman Catholic Church and speak Spanish. Most of Nicaraguas people arepoor farmers. Many of those in the Pacific Region are peasants who work ontheir own farms, cooperatives, put up farms, or large underground farms. Inwarmer areas, agriculture workers live in metal roofed houses. In thecolder areas of the Central Highlands, they live in adobe brick houses with tileroofs. The only Indian groups in Nicaragua that follow their own languagesand their old ways of life are in the thinly populated Caribbean Region. Inthe aboriginal 1980s some of these Indians became involved in anti-governmentthings. Because of this, the government moved some Indian groups fromtheir homes near the border to areas in the interior of N icaragua. Education Nicaragua has a law that requires children to go t... Way of Life in Nicaragua Essay -- GeographyWay of Life in Nicaragua Most Nicaraguans are mestizos. That is that they have white andIndian ancestors. Their way of life is somewhat similar to that of SpanishAmericans in other Central American countries. Most people belong to theRoman Catholic Church and speak Spanish. Most of Nicaraguas people arepoor farmers. Many of those in the Pacific Region are peasants who work ontheir own farms, cooperatives, state farms, or large private farms. Inwarmer areas, agriculture workers live in metal roofed houses. In thecolder areas of the Central Highlands, they live in adobe houses with tileroofs. The only Indian groups in Nicaragua that follow their own languagesand their old ways of life are in the thinly populated Caribbean Region. Inthe early 1980s some of these Indians became involved in anti-governmentthings. Because of this, the government moved some Indian groups fromtheir homes near the border to areas in the interior of Nicaragua. Education Nicaragua has a law that requires children to go t...

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay -- Essays Papers

Theyre Eyes Were Watching GodA Voice With Experience In Zora Neale Hurstons novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, many critics have argued over whether or not the main character, Janie, finds her persona by the cease of the novel. Yet many seem to be confused as to what her voice is. Her voice is her ability to let out her thoughts and display her emotions verbally. Many relate the question of Janies voice to her amount of emotional susceptibility (her ability to confront her problems or run away from the accredited situation rather than be isolated in it), yet these things are a completely different matter entirely. While Janies emotional strength varies throughout the novel, her voice is always there. Her voice is proven from the beginning when she argued about housework with her first husband, Logan, and it became even more evident in her relationship with her adjoining husband, Joe. She did not speak to Joe often because he did not mean much to her and she did not waste her energy on always arguing with him. But when she put up a subject on which she wanted to speak her mind, she always did. Many seem to think that Janie found her voice towards the end of the novel because that is when she spoke roughly often. Yet the reason she spoke more is because she had some atomic number 53 who she cared about and to whom she wanted to speak to (her husband, afternoon tea cover). In her trial in defense of killing Tea Cake (the situation in which many argue that Janies silence was proof that she had not yet found her voice), her silence has nothing to do with whether or not she is emotionally strong or has a voice. Her silence is the result of the pick out she felt with Tea Cake. Though she felt very emotional, Janie understood that sock was not something you could expect verbally and she therefore chose not to speak. In Janies first relationship with Logan, it becomes clear that Janie had both her voice and emotional strength. Expecting that marriage would flummox love, Janie married a farmer, Logan Killicks, at a young age. Yet her relationship with him was not what she expected. He was ugly and lazy and didnt even give a thought to Janies feelings. He forced her to do extra work and never treated her like the woman she was. When after hours of housework, and Logan asked her to chop wood for him one day, Janie finally felt that she needed to protest, saying ... ...e is saying that you have to experience love to understand it, and that it would have done her no good to try to express verbally what she felt for Tea Cake. At the end of the novel, Janie walked away from the trial with both her voice that had been with her throughout her whole life, the emotional strength that she had gained through her love with Tea Cake (and which had continued even after his death), and something that she had not known before experience. (Experience with death, love, marriage, and life in general.) Many argue t hat Janie found her voice towards the end of the novel because that is when she spoke the most. Yet Janie had had her voice throughout, from her loveless marriage with Logan, to her abusive relationship with Joe, and through her heavenly time spent with Tea Cake. Tea Cake didnt help Janie find her voice, but instead just gave her something to use it on. Yet while critics will argue forever over the questions of Janies voice and emotional strength, it is unquestionable that she walked away from it all with a new sense of knowledge and experience. And with these things, Janie was cabable of dealing with whatever new challenge came her way.

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay -- Essays Papers

Theyre Eyes Were Watching GodA Voice With Experience In Zora Neale Hurstons novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, many critics have argued over whether or non the main character, Janie, finds her voice by the end of the novel. still many have the appearance _or_ semblance to be confused as to what her voice is. Her voice is her ability to express her thoughts and display her emotions verbally. Many relate the question of Janies voice to her amount of wound up strength (her ability to confront her problems or run away from the current situation rather than be isolated in it), yet these things are a completely different matter entirely. While Janies emotional strength varies throughout the novel, her voice is always there. Her voice is proven from the beginning when she argued about housekeeping with her offshoot husband, Logan, and it became even more evident in her relationship with her next husband, Joe. She did not intercommunicate to Joe often because he did not mean much to her and she did not waste her energy on always arguing with him. But when she found a subject on which she wanted to speak her mind, she always did. Many count to think that Janie found her voice towards the end of the novel because that is when she spoke most often. Yet the reason she spoke more is because she had someone who she cared about and to whom she wanted to speak to (her husband, Tea Cake). In her trial in defense of killing Tea Cake (the situation in which many argue that Janies silence was inference that she had not yet found her voice), her silence has nothing to do with whether or not she is emotionally strong or has a voice. Her silence is the result of the bask she felt with Tea Cake. Though she felt very emotional, Janie understood that complete was not something you could express verbally and she therefore chose not to speak. In Janies first relationship with Logan, it becomes clear that Janie had two her voice and emotional strength . Expecting that marriage would bring love, Janie married a farmer, Logan Killicks, at a young age. Yet her relationship with him was not what she expected. He was ugly and lazy and didnt even give a thought to Janies feelings. He forced her to do extra work and never treated her like the woman she was. When after hours of housework, and Logan asked her to chop wood for him one day, Janie finally felt that she needed to protest, saying ... ...e is saying that you have to experience love to understand it, and that it would have done her no good to try to express verbally what she felt for Tea Cake. At the end of the novel, Janie walked away from the trial with both her voice that had been with her throughout her whole life, the emotional strength that she had gained through her love with Tea Cake (and which had continued even after his death), and something that she had not known onwards experience. (Experience with death, love, marriage, and life in general.) Many argue that Janie found her voice towards the end of the novel because that is when she spoke the most. Yet Janie had had her voice throughout, from her loveless marriage with Logan, to her abusive relationship with Joe, and through her heavenly time spent with Tea Cake. Tea Cake didnt help Janie find her voice, but instead just gave her something to use it on. Yet while critics will argue forever over the questions of Janies voice and emotional strength, it is unquestionable that she walked away from it all with a new sense of intimacy and experience. And with these things, Janie was cabable of dealing with whatever new challenge came her way.

American Experience in Huck Finn Essay

All modern the Statesn Literature comes from one book by Mark span c whollyed Huckleberry Finn.. claimed Ernest Hemingway, a American author and journalist. This quote represents the idea and perception of Huckleberry Finn as a defining moment in American Literature, a time when a innovative nicety was being formed west of the Atlantic that had m either an(prenominal) different subjects and characteristics than that of the literature in Europe. What makes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn so original and such a representation of America is that whatever Huckleberry Finn, the character, is ab verboten or can be defined by, is what America was all about.Through this complex character, Mark Twain was able to constrain a new American control and show the reader all about it. The main characteristics of the American experience that Mark Twain represented finished this character included a social commentary on the southern culture and its response to thrall and its general anteb ellum culture, the nature that defines America and how America defines its nature and the freedom from it, and the new anti-materialistic hero. The opening of the book deals with the most serious issue depicted the idea of slaveholding and the response of the southerners to its injustices.The majority of the American experience of slavery and its response are shown through the relationship between the main protagonist, Huck and his friend Jim. When Jim first approaches Huck to tell him that he has run forward from his master Huck replies, People would call me a low down Abolitionist and despise me for keeping mum- but that dont make no difference. I aint agoing to tell.. (1379). In a time when it was illegal to aide slaves in their duck, Huck was just beginning to start his moral quandary of his loyalties to the law, and his friendship with Jim.This brings about a side none on the American experience of slavery that is not as developed as the response to slavery in Huck and that is how does a person act and feel in a society in which they have friends that can become slaves. In many Abolitionist books and essays at the time, the reader was directed to feel for the slave as a man, as a brother. They used emotions to show the hardships of the slaves and play upon the guilt of the vacuous American to end slavery. In Huckleberry Finn, Twain asked the reader to determine how they would act on slavery when they saw their friends under servitude.This was a large issue because it brings out personal alliances with cultural alliances of the south. However, the main American experience Twain is trying to develop on slavery is not the personal relationship and whether or not slavery was a terrible issue, it was the southerners response to slavery. This is exemplified by two separate chemises. The first is with slavery and Jim, and the second is with Hucks abusive and drunken start who would lay drunk with the hogs in the tanyard (1359). Both of these issues were j ust symbols of the southern distorted culture of the time.A culture that could enslave a man, calls themselves good Christian men, and thusly falls asleep drunk. What is peculiar about this novel is not necessarily Twains feelings regarding the morality of this culture. It is fairly obvious that he disapproves of such and shows that it is a morally defunct society, but rather what makes this novel truly representative of the American experience is showing how even someone who is not morally lessened acts upon it. Huck, who is shown through his helping of Jim and his friendship with Jim, clearly understands the injustice of slavery and the immoral acts his father does.What does he do about it though? Does he seek to metamorphose this southern society through work or a mini-revolution? No, he just simply moves along. This is the central irony of the book, and thus represented of one of the ironies of the American experience in the 19th century. Huck Finn chooses to leave intact thi s society that is clearly in need of change, and just simply leaves the place behind. It shows that he is against slavery and the ideals of the south and thus wont live in it, but he also wont change it. This was one of the most braggart(a) experiences of America in the 19th century.Many whites disagreed with slavery, but if it did not affect their lives, as they were not necessarily the culprit or the victim, they just went on life sentence their lives. The most common feature of this novel is movement. While this was crucial in developing the irony that was the southern response to slavery, it is also important in itself. In this novel, the main characters are always going somewhere, leaving a place in which they didnt like or had a bad experience, and moving on to the next. This sense of freedom from nature was feature that is distinctly American.In the novel, the river was acentral allegory as it brought them food, their down, but also gave them a means of transportation. The American experience of traveling for the sake of traveling and expanding yourself in nature is shown from their experiences with movement in the river. Huck Finn was a character who is always in motion, always free. This was seen by the fact that he did start out the trip trying to provide freedom for Jim up the river, but when they passed Cairo he did not stop. In fact, the new route would ready them to New Orleans, a slave-trading capital of the south at the time (Johnson).The freedom that nature provided Huck was seen by his depiction of the nights on the raft as Its lovely to live on a raft. We had the sky, up there, all speckled with stars.. (1423). This freedom brings a release from the world of land, the towns where people were entrapped in a cycle of guns, alcohol, and racism. He does not see in moral meaning in nature like the transcendentalists of the time, rather it was an escape of the modern world, a place to have pleasant feelings. This freedom is an American experi ence. In just a purely physiological sense, America has the opportunities for freedom.Vast lands, ample rivers, defined seasons all allow the American to seek freedom from society. This is something that was not seen in Europe as you were subjected to just your own countrys land through langu era, cultural, and physical barriers. This idea of jumping on a raft and finding your freedom, both spiritually as in the case of Huck and physically in the case of Jim, is something that represents a true American experience. This myth of the open frontier continued in writing for decades to come, a myth that would allow the individual American to escape the rapidly growing urban centers that were developing an uneducated middle-class.The last particularly American subject is the hero of the novel himself, Huck. Huck is envisioned as this sentimentalist anti-society anti- hereditary pattern hero. In coming-to-age novels of the time, many were determined to show the process the character matu re, moving past their youthful selves and into a role of social acceptance of culture. Huck represents a new American subject, on who speaks as he wishes, and does as he wants. Because of his traveling lifestyle, Huck does not concern himself with inheritance or money for any matter.What mattered most for Huck in the story was the materials that made the journey possible. He was not concerned with his social class, his need for a life with a wife, kids, and money. This metaphor represents the American Anti-materialistic culture that was forming, and thus Twain depicted it as such in his story. The sense of anti-conformity culture was the subject, a view that was depicted primarily by Huck. To combat the idea that Huck was just a child, and this is how he was supposed to act, Twain introduces two characters.The Duke and Dauphin, con-artists who swindle people out of their money by perform productions represent the free nature, the anti-materialistic culture that Huck represents. Whi le these two do act in order to pose money, the goal of the money is not to obtain a higher social order, but to carry on in life. It supplies their thirst for fun. This was seen when after a heist, the Duke asks to count the money so that they can take and give it to the girls (1451). This shows that they went about their plan yes for the money, but the money was not an object that they desired it is what it can be immediately used for that defines it.This was against the European experience of inheritance and the desire to better oneself in a Victorian fashion, and represented an American subject. Huck finds out throughout the story and the encounters with the people in the towns, how to live in order to escape the social conformity, thus creating his own identity. This idea of institutionaliseting your obligations to you self-creation and fun, and not to the creation of a self that is defined by community or cultural standards was an effective approach to an American subject.In an extended metaphor, Huck Finn and his friends and acquaintances represent an American subject. Their reactions to slavery represent the blind eye and unwillingness to put about change in the southern culture of slavery and racism, a subject that would arguably represent the south to this day. At the same time, the river which took them away from their culture as opposed to fighting it, also represents the freedom of America, a subject Twain makes sure he repeats throughout the novel.Lastly, the characters themselves represent a new age of anti-materialism, a staunch contrast to the European idea of self-betterment for the sake of culture and standing. In all, these metaphors all show a new American subject. Cited Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Harper whizz Volume American Literature. Ed. McQuade et al. New York Longman. 1999. 1355-1522 Walter Johnson, Soul by Soul Life Inside the Antebellum Slave Market, Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1999, p. 2 and 6.

Challange Faced by University Students Essay

Education is the most important aspect of learning for every generation established in every mode. In university thither are different field of studies with different years of each program. It is obvious that new students are going to face further challenges in university. In this case, these challenges could be the burden which can pull them out of the school without completing their studies. This essay will discuss these challenges in condition of financial, social, and academic.To begin with, financial problems are a major challenge for university students includes tuition fee, rent expenses, and school text books. Tuition fee is the most common challenge for these students. Though, for some they only take one or two units per semester because of financial problems. The high costs of fee causes many problems for those who are not sponsored. Besides, fee expenses for each semester cost of thousands of dollars. So, tuition fee is a big burden for the unsponsored students. Furtherm ore, text books are the most essential property students must have in university.First year students also suffered in buying text books regarding to financial problem. Those who are not sponsored are suffered the most on the high cost of these books. Another challenge is that some of them have not enough silver in a pocket. But in this case, such challenges can create lot of troubles in their minds throughout their time in the university. Moreover, rent is also a challenge for these students. These students might live in different hostels where some are cheap but isolated from the campus, and some are nearby the campus but expensive.It is split up to live nearby the campus for new students to avoid troubles. However, they have problem with monthly rent where it is expensive but must be cleared. Another reason is found on a small amount of their allowance which cannot meet their expenses on rent and others. However, these financial challenges make them concern the most. Another ma jor continues.

Body Art and Ornamentation Essay

There is no horti flori civilisation in which people do not, or did not impositiont, pierce, tattoo, reshape, or simply adorn their bodies (Schildkrout, 2001). Throughout history, embody art and embellishment has become a worldwide phenomenon and has played a call role in our lives, yet there is a social daub which we cannot depictm to rid ourselves of. It is most commonly misunderstood and misinterpreted which can be attributed to the position that the symbolism and significance of the body art and/or embroidery doesnt al focuss translate the same among the cultures. Although Western culture look ons body art and ribbon as being associated with mischief and rebellion, Japanese and African cultures use it as a way of expressing spirituality as well as heathenish expression. The cosmos of body art and ornamentation can be traced all the way back thirty thousand years or more back to when cavemen draw pictures on the cave walls. According to Kuhn & Stiner (n.d.), the alte ration and enhancement of unmatchables body originated from the Kapthurin formation in Kenya. Anthropologists even believe that body art and ornamentation was present during the Middle Pleistocene in both Eurasia and Africa.Expression and art are two factors that play a fundamental part in African culture. According to Clarke (2006), many African societies symbolically view body art and ornamentation as a special role in guiding ones destiny and success, mediating between world of the living as well as the spiritual world, expressing community ideals, defining power and leadership, protecting and healing, and celebrating or commemorating the cycles of life, human and agricultural.African culture uses a variety of ways to display their body art and ornamentation dep differenceing on which nine they live in. These ways intromit incorporating shells, teeth, or claws into their clothing or jewelry, wearing colored body paint, exaggerating human features (i.e. elongation of the neck) , gauging piercings in the ears and/or lip, scarification, and tattooing. Looking from another cultures perspective, the unhomogeneous forms of African body art and ornamentation are seen as being weird, out of the ordinary, and we dont understand the importance they hold within these African cultures. On the other hand, there are other cultures such as the Japanese, who kind of of outwardly portraying their body art and ornamentation will instead conceal it so it wont be visible at all.The first signs of body art and ornamentation which appear in the Japanese culture were first noted as originating all the way back to AD 297 (Rapp, 2010). Back then, tattoos would signify which occupational group definite men belonged to and men, both unripe and old, would get tattoos all over their bodies including their faces. Men would even go as far as getting full body tattoos which could be found on laborers, firemen, and gangsters (Hopkins-Tanne, 2000). The Chinese considered all Japanes e tattoos an act of barbarism and was perceived as being extremely negative. The body art and ornamentation that exists and has existed within the Japanese culture spreads beyond just tattooing and there are a few other methods that they used. First, many married Japanese women or courtesan in the 10th with 19th centuries would apply a paste to their teeth which would blacken them (Schildkrout, 2001). This was considered as being beautiful as well as sexually appealing to where as we would view that as abnormal and ugly. Secondly, they would bind the womens feet in order to make them smaller and the process was extremely excruciating, but again, it was considered as being beautiful.The pain that was felt and the blood that was shed served as an offering to the gods, ancestors, and spirits (2001). On the other end of the spectrum, culture within the United States has a split view regarding body art and ornamentation. In the United States, forms of body art and ornamentation can incl ude tattoos, piercings, branding, corseting, scarification, gauging the earlobe, make-up, plastic surgery, and dental implants (Schwarz, 2006). We live in a society where we idolize and preach the importance of physical attractiveness. In insideng so, there is the separation of individuals into five incompatible groups that exist within the social expression. The five groups include the conformist group, the innovators, ritualists, retreatists, and the rebellion group (Rapp, 2010). The conformist group consists of individuals who understand and accept the emphasis on the salmon pink of the body in its natural state and the only token of body art or ornamentation thats used is superficial. On the other hand, the individuals who are classified as innovators accept the whole concept of the beauty of the natural body, but go to the extremes to achieve this. The individuals who refuse to conform to what society has deemed as beautiful yet maintains a natural body and stays within ce rtain bounds regarding body art and ornamentation. Retreatists include individuals who dont abide by the guidelines of proper hygiene as well as body art and ornamentation and wont acknowledge the beauty of the natural body. Lastly, there are individuals who are set out to change the social structure and bring about a new phase of body art and ornamentation and they make up the rebellion group (2010). Nowadays, in American culture we see body art and ornamentation, such as tattoos and piercings, as being acceptable as well as fashionable. Its not uncommon to see people bear a variety of body art, ornamentation, and body modification performed. The majority of people go and get tattoos when they experience a pivotal omen in their lives as well as trying to create a sense of identity for themselves.Everyone tries to be original in their own way, but the end result is the creation and growth of conformity. By this, I mean that everyone is going out and getting tattoos, piercings, or plastic surgery and theyre trying to be original, but when all is said and done, they begin to blend in with one another. No matter what people say or do, a stigma has remained attached to all the various kinds of body art and ornamentation. According to Schwarz (2006), tattoos continue to not be entirely accepted and are a barrier to the economic success which is central to the American dream. For example, most employers have rules for their employees stating that they cannot have any visible tattoos and/or piercings that are visible to the public. This could be partly because there are individuals that could be offended and businesses could suffer from a loss of customers and sales. In the American culture, tattoos are not acceptable in a number of situations especially when it has to do with the general public (2006). The highest percentage of the American culture that has body art and ornamentation can be found in the younger generations. many teens go through a period in their lives where they feel the need to rebel against the social norm especially to spite their parents. Their choices of body art and ornamentation are indicative of their attitudes and values (Crapo, 2013). Attitudes are statements of ones preferences while values are what we consider good or bad (2013). This plays into why certain individuals look down upon body art and ornamentation and end up enforcing the negative stigma. In conclusion, the implementation of body art and ornamentation is a designated way of indicating the various cultural differences that exist within cultures worldwide. The main reason there has been the rise in the popularity of body art and ornamentation is a result of cultural commercialism. Despite how hard we try to eliminate the social stigma of body art and ornamentation, it will never completely be gone. Unfortunately, we cant have everyones personal opinion be the same as one another, but there is one thing that we can do. We can make the reason to educa te the various cultures on one another so that we are able to comprehend the vocabulary that is used, the meaning of symbols, myths and legends, and social values. People in different cultures continue focusing on the negative aspects of body art and ornamentation, but if we were able to understand one another, the idea of peace on earth isnt that far out of reach.ReferencesClarke, C. (2006). The art of africa A response for educators. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved from Ebscohost database Crapo, R.H. (2013). Cultural anthropology. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education Hopkins-Tanne, J. (2000). Body art Marks of identity. British Medical Journal. doi 320(7226)64 Kappeler, P., Stahl, J., & Wohlrab, S. (2006). Modifying the body Motivations for getting tattooed and pierced. Science Direct Body Image 4, 87-95. Retrieved from http//www.sociodep.hku.hk/bbf/BBF%20Readings%20W12/W12%20Modifying_the_Body.pdf Kuhn, S.L. & Stiner, M.C. (n.d.) Body ornamentation as information technol ogy Towards an understanding of the significance of former(a) beads. Retrieved from http//courses.washington.edu.archyaec/archy401/readings/kuhn-beads.pdf

Frankenstein: How To Read Literature Like Professor

In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley uses symbolism and allegory to depict the actions of the main characters and what their actions truly mean. In How to Read Literature care a professor, Thomas C. Foster asks his readers what you think a symbol stands for, Foster also writes whatever you think it stands for, it probably does. (ninety-seven) Frankenstein contains many symbols, however there is nevertheless a few symbols that truly support our findings the whole nine yards.There are six specific symbols and allegories that were purposefully chosen to support our findings electric discharge, The Bible, the Alps, Water, White, and Lightening. light, shelley establishes light as a symbol on the very first page, when walton tells his sister that hes heading off to a country of eternal light where the sun is forever discernible (letter one. two), our first indication that light isnt all good when the monsters first sensation is of light pressed upon his nerves (eleven.one).The light does not benefit to the daemen, it only allows people know how hideous he truly is. The Bible in frankenstein is not a symbol but in fact it is an allegory, the monster is compared to ecstasy the first man in the Judeo-Christian Tradition, like adam i was apparently united by no link to any other universe in existence. later on the monster is also compared to satan Many times i considered Satan as the fitter emblem of my condition. (15.7)The Alps is another important symbol that helps bring the true meaning to the characters actions, Frankenstein goes to The Alps, The Alps combined with its beauty took his mind away from his horrible time with the results of his creation. In Frankenstein, water figuratively brings life to Frankenstein whether he is traveling on it or drinking it. it brings him life and inspires him to be close to nature. Walton believes the light of the far North as eternal and full of hope What could not be expected in the country of eternal light?Light is important to all the characters in Frankenstein, Light guides the Character through Important decisions. However many of the decisions that the characters have made could have gone a different way, when Frankenstein decides the truth of how his younger brother died from his family already clearly told the readers what the result might be. Lightning is also a symbol in Frankenstein the tree being burnt by lightning. Here lightning represents the destruction/creation dichotomy. ripe as the tree once grew the lightning destroys it.

Restoration Period

The restoration is an interesting time in history. People from all over the world, especially Europe, were moving to American. It was during this time that the colonies rebelled and we soon became our experience nation. When the period started England had just ended a 20 year civil war. The plague had killed many and England was finally settling down. When the restoration was starting, most authors still simulate everything they did on the classics Greek, Roman, etc. People were starting to gain an understanding of the world and be less superstitious.With all of the new reasons for things being given by science, godliness had to change too. This was also when the smaller minorities of society became more ignored and repressed. But when the puritans fell out of power things started to happen. Theaters re-opened, satire appeared, and so did journalism. The takings period was tag by an advance in colonization and overseas trade, by the Dutch wars, by the great plague (1665) and th e great fire of London (1666), by the race of the Whig and Tory parties, and by the Popish Plot and other manifestations of anti-Catholicism.In literature perhaps the most outstanding result of the reappearance was the reopening of the theaters, which had been closed since 1642, and a consequent great revitalization of the drama (see English literature). The drama of the period was marked by brilliance of wit and by licentiousness, which may have been a reflection of the freeness of court manners. The function and greatest works of John Milton fall within the period but are not typical of it the same is true of John Bunyans Pilgrims Progress (1678).The be on is vividly brought to life in the diaries of Samuel Pepys and John Evelyn, and in poetry the Restoration is distinguished by the work of John Dryden and a number of other poets. Restoration literature, English literature written after(prenominal) the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660 following the period of the Commonwea lth. Some literary historians speak of the period as bounded by the reign of Charles II (166085), while others prefer to include within its scope the writings produced during the reign of James II (168588), and even literature of the 1690s is often verbalize of as Restoration. By that time, however, the reign of William III and Mary II (16891702) had begun, and the ethos of courtly and urban fashion was as a result sober, Protestant, and even pious, in discriminate to the sexually and intellectually libertine spirit of court life under Charles II. Many typical literary forms of the modern worldincluding the novel, biography, history, travel writing, and journalismgained pledge during the Restoration period, when new scientific discoveries and philosophical concepts as well as new social and economic conditions came into play.There was a great outpouring of pamphlet literature, too, more than of it politico-religious, while John Bunyans great allegory, Pilgrims Progress, also bel ongs to this period. Much of the best poetry, notably that of John Dryden (the great literary figure of his time, in two poetry and prose), the earl of Rochester, Samuel Butler, and John Oldham, was satirical and led directly to the later achievements of Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, and John Gay in the Augustan Age. The Restoration period was, above all, a great age of drama.Heroic plays, influenced by principles of French Neoclassicism, enjoyed a vogue, but the age is chiefly remembered for its glittering, critical comedies of manners by such playwrights as George Etherege, William Wycherley, Sir John Vanbrugh, and William Congreve. (For unless discussion of this period, see English literature The Restoration. ) King Charles I was executed in the January of 1649. He was the supreme King of Britain, with suzerainty over England, Scotland and Ireland. However, he earned a lot of disrespect from the Parliament for his preposterous theory known as Divine Rights of Kings.The Parlia ment feared he was turning into an absolutist monarch and would eventually pursual the democracy that was so carefully established in Britain. In his final years, he was engaged in Civil Wars. The First English Civil War (1642) was against the Parliament and the Puritans of England. He was defeated in this War in 1645, but he continued his ideologies. In 1948, there was a Second Civil War, and he was defeated again in 1649. This time, he was captured, tried, convicted and finally executed for treason. The Parliament took over, formed a republic that came to be known as the Commonwealth of England.Monarchy, apparently, came to an end. Restoration of Monarchy by Charles II But, what seemed to be an end for monarchy actually turned out to be only a pause. 11 years later, in 1660, Charles Is son, Charles II sham monarchy once again. The resurgence of monarchy was brought about by a series of historically significant incidents. One of the main leaders of the republican government forme d after Charles I was Oliver Cromwell, who was by title the Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. He was also the commander of the armies that fought against Charles I in the English Civil Wars.Old Ironsides, as he was referred to, valiantly brought England, Scotland and Ireland under a unanimous republican rule after the execution of Charles I, and he was in fact one of the main persons responsible for his execution. Oliver Cromwell died in 1658 of a host of ailments. Historians attribute his death to malaria and urinary infections, but there could have been several other reasons. Cromwell was succeeded by his son Richard as the Lord Protectorate. However, Richard was not frequent with the Army. The Army was prompt in removing him.Several other transfers of power later, Charles II issued what is known as the Declaration of Breda on April 4, 1660. This declaration was to lay down the fact that he was interested in accepting the Crown of England. Taking into consideratio n the various failed seizes of power in England, the Parliament certain the terms. On 8 May, 1649, the Parliament accepted that Charles II had been the lawful monarch of England after the death of Charles I. Charles II returned from The Hague, where he was exiling, and assumed monarchy of England. This is what is known as the English Restoration.

“But is it Art?” By Cynthia Freeland

At the present, the contemporary society has offered many and divers(prenominal) forms and characteristics of exemplification and abstraction of the humanistic aspect of the society in the form of what is broadly known as fine art. The said manifestations of the artistic nature of the people is viewed by many to be of no value as they do not co-occur or agree with the principal guidelines of artistic consideration. On the other hand, other groups in the society claim the other way around.This difference in the rendering and view regarding the artistic value of the emotional and concrete manifestations of the abstracted values of the people produces conflict of opinions in the art aspect of the humanity. In this spectacle of social ambiguity that the book of Cynthia Freeland entitled But is it Art appeals most. The book by Freeland generally perceives the contemporary artistic manifestations to be examples of the modern artistic vision of the society as related with their new no rms and social values.By exemplifying and analyzing different art forms in the modern society, Freeland claims that the modern manifestations of the humanistic aspect of the society is still considerably within the principles of artwork and are all appreciable in their own aspects. By also considering the different changes and advancement in the social development, she also claims that principles of the old art forms has not yet excluded by the present society but instead it became more vivid and artistic with the expansion beyond the past boundaries.The book of Freeland considers different aspects of the present art form in relation to the dominant social values and cultures each discussed sufficiently and intrinsically in the book. By this analysis and with incorporation of different ideas from other art critic, Freeland has developed a concept in her book describing the present mediums and manifestations of the humanistic aspect of the present society to be within the classifi cation of art in their own definition of artistic representation and expression.

Running Head A House in Gross Disorder

In the book A House in Gross Dis secernate C.B. Herrup presents a unique reverie on the problems of social order and morality, class values and social laws during the 17th century. The book is base on real life events which took place in England in 1630.The second Earl of Castlehaven was accused in immoral conduct, cozy harass manpowert and sodomy, and executed. Herrup vividly portrays that the effort and verdict were aimed to warn nobility and the smart set against immoral behavior and sodomy. The book consists of 6 chapters devoted to distinguishable aspects and problems of social order and sexual relations during the 17th century.In spite of the fact that the book is concentrated on the trial of the Second Earl of Castlehaven, Herrup proposes readers a vivid exposition of the civil society, its value and traditions.Through the case of Castlehaven, Herrup shows that the Stuart England suffered from sodomy and seductive sexual relations between husbands and wives. In the Stua rt period, however, relationships with slaves received far more attention and became the normative reckon of pederasty. Herrup underlines that some sources criticize expenditure on attractive slaves as extravagant and unbefitting simplicity this political unfavorable judgment is replaced by a moral critique of the slaves treatment.Herrup writes Rape and sodomy were crimes of both great and little importance in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England. Scriptural and classical history offered examples of their dire public consequences sermons and literature rehearsed the dangers for contemporaries (p. 26). master involvement with their own slave boys was frequently objectionable to their wives, which may be evidence of broad personal intimacy and affection in such relationships.Another historic theme of the book is that women were the most unprotected category which experienced violence within the institution of marriage. Among this group of women sexual abuse and physical viol ence were the chief(prenominal) forms of humiliation and oppression. Herrup cites example of domestic violence and abuse, rape and beating. Under the trial of the Second Earl of Castlehaven, it was found that Castlehaven allowed sensation of his servants to rape his wife.This fact vividly portrays deep-structured inequalities between men and women. The prosecutions of Castlehaven and Broadway for raping the Countess of Castlehaven be a powerful example of how difficult it was for early modern women, however privileged, to have an effective legal voice (Herrup, 1999, p. 147). Culturally, women were used to be oppressed. Their market-gardening was called culture of silence because they had no rights to protect their dignity and freedom used to cultural norms followed by generations.The aim of the trial was to unveil social misconduct and sexual abuse committed by nobility. On the other hand, it was aimed to warn high classes against cross-class sex and social misconduct. To be su re, this fact featured a variety of trenchant practices in this regard, each of which enjoyed differing levels of acceptance depending on the time and place.The cross-class sex common among men was not the same as relationships between men and adolescent slaves or male prostitutes. Platonic love was not the same as a physically consummated relationship.Age-differential pairings were not the same as age-equal relations, whether between adults or adolescents. Castlehavens trial changed the lives of all the principals, accusers as well as accused, dramatically and irrevocably. Closure was elusive and unpredictable in a scandal that breached as many conventions as did this one (Herrup, 1999, p. 99).Same-gender love among males was not the same as that among females. Not only was there a widespread perception that individuals were characterized by their sexual preference, but there is considerable evidence that like-minded individuals congregated in social venues conducive to pursuing t heir mutual interests.Another important theme of the book is relationships between Catholics and Irish. A powerful church generated an every bit powerful consciously anticlerical opposition. The religious diversity meant that those who opposed the close ties between the established churches and the ruling class could produce sects and denominations better suited to their own interests and to their vision of the world.Radicals and reformers might oppose the particular privileges of the state churches without becoming alienated from religion itself. Hence secularization has taken the form, not of strong and principled opposition to the churches or to religion in general, but of indifference. Herrup (1999) underlines that this is a case about gender, law, and politics as well as about sex, religion, and culpability.The broader perspective makes sense out of what are otherwise discordant elements (p. 146). A religious society was replaced not by a self-consciously secular one but by a s ociety which paid occasional lip-service to Christianity and by a culture in which people claimed attachment to religious ideas and beliefs. As Herrup suggests, the commonsense view was that morality was based on religion and was primarily about regulation. Also, Herrup unveils a weak power of King Charles I and the Court.

A Doll’s House and the Macaroon

Gloria Nguyen Period 5 2010 February 24 A significant symbol in A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen argon the macaroons that show up several times within the course of the play because it shows that Nora is not rightful to Torvald and that their home plate is tangled up in a web of deceit. She slips the bag of macaroons in her pocket and wipes her mouth .Nora knows that Torvald dislikes her spending m wizardy on guilty pleasures like macaroons so she tries to hide them, just as she tries to hide the truth of her bond and debts. The macaroons also show that Nora is uncomfortable with all of the rules and regulations Torvald has sink up and that she has her own will and consciousness set. When Torvald asks her if she had any macaroons, she immediately responded with No, Torvald, really I promise you. It shows that she may have a different set of morals than Torvald and that she is not at all comfortable in her living situation and Torvald is not one of her confidants like Dr. Rank and M rs. Linde. The macaroons show that Nora is not the perfect doll that Torvald tried to mold her into. The macaroons function in the text was to show that although that some families and lives seem picture perfect, most of the time it is not true, as prove by Noras need to hide the bond and macaroons from Torvald.The macaroons could also represent Noras want to be independent and free, that she wants to rebel and be someone of her own making as opposed to being Torvalds little songbird, squirrel and capricious Capri. Ibsens use of symbolism in using such a minor pleasure impacts the story in a huge way by subtly display the reader that Noras lifestyle is not as truthful and happy as it seems and that something as belittled as an innocent white lie about macaroons can set the precedent of lies that are to come.

How to Right a Paper

ppendix D Individual Skills sagacity Questionnaire for the teacher Directions The following questionnaire contains the Individual Skills Assessment that must(prenominal) be administered to each student individually as a panel interview. Print enough copies of the ISA Questionnaire so that each interviewer has one copy per student before the panel interview begins. Please see the Instructor Guide section of this courseware for complete instructions on how to conduct the interviews. For each topic, start with Learning train 3. Circle each of the response criteria that the student successfully includes in his or her response.You may use the make headway table at the end of the questionnaire to tally the students score. Note Each topic includes questions at three levels o Level 3 Synthesis/Evaluation (Most-challenging questions) o Level 2 act/Analysis (Medium-level questions) o Level 1 companionship/Comprehension (Least-difficult questions) appendix D Individual Skills Assessment Questionnaire for the Instructor ITT Educational Services, Inc. 104 Date 01/12/2010 Individual Assessment Skills Questions with Correct repartee Criteria Topic 1 HardwareLearning Level 3 Synthesis/Evaluation Question 1. You are building a LAN in a company that develops insurance management software. What hardware requirements should be taken into consideration? (TB143, IT1220) Correct Response Criteria The student addresses why each is important PC resources needed Memory, disk drive size of it, processor size Networking resources Category 5e cable, hub, switch, bridge, router Learning Level 2 Application/Analysis Question 1. Describe how the store four-in-hand divides up and allocates memory. (TB143, IT103) Correct Response CriteriaThe student identifies the following memory concepts and describes how each works Virtual memory Shared memory Paged memory Contiguous memory Non-contiguous memory Multi-programming Learning Level 1 Knowledge/Comprehension Question 1. Identify all of the different types of input ports is available on a modernistic computer? (TB143) Correct Response Criteria The student identifies the following ports USB Serial Parallel Video /audio RJ45 FireWire Appendix D Individual Skills Assessment Questionnaire for the Instructor ITT Educational Services, Inc. 05 Date 01/12/2010 SCSI Topic 2 Programming Learning Level 3 Synthesis/Evaluation Question 1. Explain the difference amid passing a piece of selective information by value and passing a piece of data by reference. (IT104) Correct Response Criteria The student identifies the following data types and describes how each piece of data is passed disceptation Argument Parameter list Data type Compatibility Reference address Learning Level 2 Application/Analysis Question 1. Explain the scope of a data statement. 2. What are the implications of misidentifying a l

Reconstitution of a Partnership Essay

Partnership is the relation between persons who have agreed to share the additions of the business carried on by all or any of them acting for all. An essential element of henchmanship is to have an concordance and wherever a change takes place in this relationship it results in reconstitution of the splitnership firm.Reconstitution of the firm may happen under any of the following circumstances and as a result there go out be a change in the benefit manduction proportion1) Change in the cabbage sharing symmetry amongst the existing partners2) Admission of a new partner3) Retirement of an existing partner4) Death of a partner and5) Amalgamation of two partnership firmsChange in the profit sharing ratio of existing partnersThe partners of a firm may decide to change their profit sharing ratio and in such eventuality, the gaining partner (i.e. the partner whose share has been reduced) unless otherwise agreed should be paid many compensation and the compensation is the value of goodwill represented by the gain because the change in profit sharing ratio means that one partner is purchasing from another partner of the profits.For example crowd together and Jones, two partners of a firm are sharing the profits of the firm in the ratio of 31 and if it is decided that in future both will be equal partners, it means that mob is selling to Jones th (3/4-1/2) share of profits. Therefore, Johns will pay to crowd together an amount equal to one quaternary of the total value of goodwill. In concrete terms, suppose, the profit is $20000 previously James would get $15000 and Jones would get $5000. afterward the change in the profit sharing ratio, apiece would get $10000. James, therefore, loses annually $5000 and Jones gains $5000. If the goodwill is valued at $40000, Jones must pay James one fourth of $40000 namely $10000. This adjustment is usually made by passing an adjustment entry. In this case, Johns capital account will be debited and James capital acc ount will be credited with $10000.In addition to the adjustments for goodwill, the change in profit sharing ratio also requires the adjustment of profit/loss on revaluation of assets and reassessment of liabilities, amass reserves and profit (or loss) etc.Sacrificing ratio and gaining ratioChange in the profit sharing ratio of existing partners will necessarily mean that one or more partners are surrendering a part of their share in the profits in favor of one or more other partners. A part of share being so surrendered is termed as sacrificing ratio while the share gained by each partner is termed as gaining ratio. Sacrificing ratio is computed by deducting the new ratio from the old ratio. Gaining ratio is computed by deducting the old ratio from the new ratio.Referenceshttp//classof1.com/homework-help/accounting-homework-help/

Psychology of Personality Essay

Psychology of temperament is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study of temperament and the individual differences. The main argonas of focus argon commonly looking at individuals psychological processes, the individual differences and studying how human fashion is similar. genius is usually defined as well organized and dynamic set of characteristics possessed by a person that distinctively influence the cognitions, carriage in various situations and motivations.Since personality is complex and dynamic, various psychologists micturate pursue up with varied theories to explicate the different personality types. For the purpose of this paper, Freuds psychoanal retentiveytic surmisal and Jungs theory of personality shall be used to analyze the personality of a chick superstar by the name Ann. Since most people have various personality ails, Anns personality disorder shall also be analyzed. Freuds opening of Personality The Freuds theory of personality exposit s that personality of a human being is made up of three structures namely the ego, superego and id.The id contains instincts and it is usually unconscious. The ego develops after the id and is considered to be the executive branch of personality since it uses reasoning to make decisions. Both the ego and id have no pietism scarce the superego is the structure that contains morality as it takes into account whether roughlything is right or wrong. The superego is also referred as the sense of right and wrong since it has the ability to judge whether something is right or wrong. According to Freuds theory of personality, personality is established at around five historic period of age.Studies suggest that the early childhood experience influence human behavior and continue to do so through out the whole life (Mitterer & Coon 2008). Further studies illustrate that behavior of a person develops through a series of childhood dos and the driving force during the stages is usually the psychosexual energy. Incase all the stages are completed successfully, healthy personality develops and if not, fixation occurs which leads to a personality disorder. These stages of development include the anal, oral, phallic, latent, and genital stage.Some of these stages shall be discussed comprehensively eyepatch analyzing Anns personality. Jungs Theory of Personality Jung is psychologist who accomplished much but his personality theory of introversion and extroversion gained a hook of recognition and overshadowed the rest of his work. His theory suggests that introversion and extroversion are opposing attitude types that make a person to behave in a spokespersonicular way. According to this theory of personality, human behavior is controlled by the introversion and extroversion attitudes.He defines an introvert as some mavin who is quite aware of the inner knowledge domain and does not give much thought to the external world. An introvert attitude is usually more concern with the subjective appraisal and considers dreams and fantasies more. On the other hand, an extrovert is usually characterized by the outside movement of the pass energy. An extrovert attitude places more importance on the objectivity and at the same time gains a lot of influence from the outer environment than the inner cognitive processes.Nonetheless, the theory suggests that it is still possible for one person to have both attitudes though more often than not one must be overshadowed by another. The four functions of the personality theory namely, thinking, feeling, sensation and intuition were combined so as to come up with the eight personality types. Discussion Ann is a twenty five year old lady who currently works as a research scientist. She is very competent and productive, and since she was employed two years ago, she has received a number of awards due to her competency.She happens to be the first born in the family of four and has been brought up by very strict parents . Though she loves people, she mostly prefers to be alone and in social functions she prefers to stick around calm and only talks with people close to her. She spends most of her leisure time reading or watching television when she is not studying. She can make a very good friend but once angered she reacts aggressively and she can put up a fight very first. In addition, she is quite independent and barely shares her things with other people.However, many people usually complain of her reserved and coldness nature but she is quite peachy and maintains high level of cleanliness. In application of the Jungs theory of personality, Ann displays more of an introvert attitude than that of an extrovert. While making decisions, Ann takes her time analyzing the available options and is not easily influenced by the outside factors which display an introvert attitude as illustrated by Jungs theory of personality. She often makes a decision which suits her best, without giving much considera tion to what others may think of her.Moreover she works best while alone and does not prefer social functions unless when it is very necessary. A person with such behavior is categorize as an introvert by the Jungs theory of personality (Gelpi 1993). While applying the Freuds theory of personality, some of the behavior that characterizes Anns personality can be attributed to the experiences she passed through during the early childhood stages. The fact that she holds a lot of mistrust toward people illustrates that the care takers did not feed her on demand during the oral stage.However, during the anal stage, she received the appropriate toilet training hence the reason why she is quite competent, productive and orderly (Dumont, Wedding & Corsini 2007). Personality Disorder A personality disorder is often described as an enduring pattern of inner experiences and behavior that seems to deviates from individuals culture and sets in during early adulthood or adolescence stage (Dobbe rt 2007). Since most of these behaviors are pervasive and also chronic they usually cause impairment in the daily life.A study of Anns life shows that she most probably suffers from a paranoid personality disorder. It is a disorder that is characterized by agoraphobia, depression and substance abuse as illustrated by the studies of (Dobbert, 2007). Ann displays most of the symptoms touch base with paranoid disorder because she does not trust people, gets angry quickly especially if she thinks that she is being deceived, thinks that people are untrustworthy, she is always serious and secretive, and always analyzes every gesture and conversation to look for the hidden meaning.The above mentioned Anns personality traits illustrate that she suffers from paranoid personality disorder since the same symptoms characterize the disorder are part of the diagnostic criteria of the disorder. Conclusion and Recommendation Psychology of personality is very important since it helps in understandi ng different personalities as illustrated by the different behaviors. In psychology, there are many theories that have been established to explain different personalities. Despite the fact that all have the same goals some contain controversial ideas.However, they are still very helpful. In this study, the Freuds theory of personality which illustrates that early childhood experiences shape the behavior of a person has helped in understanding the personality of Ann. It was possible to deduce that her mistrust originates from her oral stage as her caretakers did not feed her on demand. Such an experience makes an infant to lose trust on people. Jungs theory of personality helps in understanding that the reserved nature of Ann is a result of an retract attitude.In addition, the study has been of great help since it was possible to realize that Anns pervasive behavior of spendthrift mistrust is as a result of a paranoid personality disorder.References Dobbert, L. D. , (2007). Underst anding personality disorders an introduction. Westport, Greenwood publishing Group. Dumont, F. , Wedding, D. & Corsini, J. , (2007). Current Psychotherapies. Stamford, Cengage Learning. Gelpi, D. L. , (1993). Committed Worship Adult Conversion and Initiation. Collegeville, Liturgical Press Mitterer, J. O. & Coon, D. , (2008). Introduction to Psychology Gateways to hear and Behavior. Stamford, Cengage Learning.

Circe and Nausicaa in the Odysseys Essay

These four characters all stomach the same role within the Odyssey and the Aeneid as they are all put in place as obstacles to the haceks quest. Odysseus and Aeneas both have arduous journeys to undertake and these characters are simply temptresses, there to prevent the heroes from fulfilling there quests and in my opinion pattern a greater threat to the completion of the journeys hence the physical dangers both heroes have to endingure. However although within these epics the characters have negative roles to play they themselves are victims of hazard.Without each heroes underlying mission spurring them on it is sane to assume each of these women would have a good chance of having a long-term relationship with all Odysseus or Aeneas (indeed each character with the exception of Nausicaa engage in a brief relationship with the hero of there respective epic) and the fact these relationships have to be discontinued or unexplored seems unfair to the so called temptresses and the refore causes the reader to evoke sympathy for the characters. These women, although play identical roles, are in very polar circumstance and are very different characters and therefore the level of sympathy we feel for them varies and I cogitate it is fair to say that it is Dido we feel the most sympathy forAn eventful feature of why we feel so much sympathy for Dido is the fact we learn so much of her stage setting. In book 1 of the Aeneid we comment out Dido is an exile from her home city of Tyre after her br opposite Pygmalion killed Didos husband Sychaeus In blind lust for his gold (Sychaeus was apparently the wealthiest of the Phoenicians). Dido, by the advice of her dead husband, rounds up the men driven by savage hatred or lively fear of Pygmalion and sets sail for a new home. This background is important as it gives the reader a sense of fastener with the character that doesnt seem to apply to the other characters, the fact that Dido has such a troubled past mode we sympathize with her from a very previous(predicate) stage, which makes her ultimate big bucks fall even more tragic i.e. this is a character we know preferably then an other face slight characters that is sacrificed for the quest (such as Palinurus and Elpenor).The female characters of the Odyssey just dont come with this tragic background The knowledge the audience would have of Calypsos and Circes background would be through legend, which regardless of how tragic some legends may be, are fantastical, which actor the audience wouldnt relate to them like they would Didos background and doesnt give the goddesses the sense of vulnerability you get with Dido. Nausicaa is a young princess of Phaeacia, so although her background isnt mention in any great detail in the odyssey, as the princess of a paradise it is unlikely to be negative.Another impotent sympathy factor is the characters pauperization for falling for their respective hero. Calypso and Circe have the least sympathetic motives as they are simply look for a companion (a modern phrase we would use is trophy husband) and as goddesses have more then likely had many companions before Odysseus. Nausicaa simply has a crush on Odysseus, and therefore her emotional attachment to him is not very high, the fact they never engage in a relationship also fashion their attachment isnt as matured as the other characters. Nausicaa and Dido do have one function in common however as they are both victims of divine intervention. Nausicaas intervention by Athene (improving his appearance) however is not as direct as the intervention Dido endures (being forced into love by Cupid) as a consequent the audience doesnt get the same sense of the cruelty of mess with Nausicaa that we get for Dido.Probably the most important aspect of the characters for which evokes our sympathy is the aftermath of being let down by our heroes. Although Dido is the only character whose plot continues after the hero leaves we can still ma ke an educated guess as to what would happen to the other characters. Circe and Calypso are both goddesses and are likely to visualize other companions after Odysseus, both as goddesses are in control of there emotions when meeting Odysseus which actor they should be much more composed upon his departure (the fact Calypso takes Odysseus against his will shows she should foresee doable heartache in the future).Nausicaa as a young girl is much more vulnerable to heartbreak however as a young girl she has her whole life a head of her which means she is much more likely to find another man, and the fact no commitment is made means she is simply loosing a crush apposed to a lover which means her heartbreak will be less then that of the other characters. Dido as the most vulnerable (lost her husband and livelihood) has the furthest to fall, and assuming the educated guesses as to the outcome of the other characters are correct, by committing suicide Dido suffers the worst fate by far . Book 4 of the Aeneid dictates the devotion and laying waste of Dido Dido lets her civic duties slide due to the distraction of Aeneas and the City of Carthages construction grinds to a halt. Dido states in her speech to Aeneas that her people have lost all respect for her, and as a result she feels the only way to regain some respect is to kill herself.Book 4 could almost be a tragic play Didos hubristic act of sleeping with Aeneas before marriage leads to her catastrophic downfall a downfall which can be said to be entirely down to the cruelty of fate and the gods. Dido is the most vulnerable with the most too loose, and as far as we know comes to the worst end so for me is far more sympathetic a character then the female characters of the Odyssey.

Imlementing strategy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Imlementing strategy - Coursework ExampleHowever the government withal exercises the use of central control measures and the exertion of control on workers who are reluctant to abide by the set policies. Leaders of public good organizations tend to underestimate interpolate interlacingity and instead accent on tools, strategy and structure instead of relating to individual employees (Karp & Helgo, 2008). Such practices are seen as archaic, driving disclose talented personnel or causing them to underperform on the job. It is therefore important to understand the dynamics of counterchange that takes place in an organization. The diagram that follows is a graphical model of the process of change. It begins with (1) a mess and articulated goals, against which (2) the current model is assessed. Out of this assessment and mindful of the vision and goals, (3) the desired model is hypothesise and defined, for which (4) operational plans are designed. Finally, (5) the operational pla ns are implemented, and the result of this implementation is fed back and compared against the vision, and the cycle is repeated. At some point, the change adoption would be considered either completed or unfeasible, at which case go management techniques take over again. The process described is viewed from an organizational perspective from the perspective of the human element, the conversion process is not as straightforward. The second diagram below depicts the more complicated process of ever-changing peoples minds and hearts to adapt to the change. The human subject is seen to go through a curl coaster of emotions that can end in either denial, disillusionment, hostility, or full acceptance and even advancement of the change measure. Because it refers to employees reactions, the transition process is encountered in the implementation of the change, and the simultaneous objects and agents of change are the organizations staff. 3. menstruation literature on the process of ma naging strategic change. The following are recent findings by researchers published in academic journals 3.1 The main external drivers for change include customer requirements, demand from the stakeholders, regulatory demand, market contest and the shareholders the internal drivers include the need to improve operational efficiency, the quality of service and processes (Oakland & Tanner, 2007). 3.2 Some reasons change efforts smash include four findings first, too little effort is exerted by leadership into convincing employees of the merits of change second, change is often seen as a single event when in truth it is an iterative process third, leaders often conduct change with a top-down, rather than a bottom-up, approach finally, organizations and leaders lack the flexibleness to effect successful change (Manikandan, 2010). 3.3 Public service organizations, such as fire and rescue service units, operate in a complex environment that are constrained to respond to dynamic changes in society furthermore, they are rich in people diversity, processes and culture, making change management extremely complex (Karp & Helgo, 2008). 3.4 Transformational change is anchored upon people skills, involving the articulation and internalization of a common shared vision by employees. Creating a shared vision is the most positive way of unfreezing

Cannibalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cannibalism - Essay ExamplePhilibrick (2001) traces the history of stinkernibalism and relates it to how the sailors and fishermen really used to slaughter their own mates in the face of what is called an absolute necessity. He presented a slope of history of cannibalism which is based on slaughtering military man in order to fulfill the needs of other humans under extreme conditions. He justifies cannibalism mostly on the basis of the acute needs which have to be fulfilled in order to real allow others to survive. Therefore, the sense of civility did prevail in those who actually attempted to consume the flesh of their fellow travelers. This historical account provides a different dimension of how cannibalism has been effective out of necessity (Sandel, 2010).It is critical to understand that from a relativist approach it may be difficult to warrant or even define cannibalism, as it draws the line between what an acceptable behavior actually is and what it is not. Cannibalism has colonial roots European invaders used it as a tool to civilize those who were engaged in much(prenominal) horrifying employ. As such, cannibalism was similarly used as a reason to use violence and cleansing against those who were practicing it in the New World. This dimension of cannibalism can suggest some sort of historical distortion intimately this form in order to validate brutal attempts of using violence against those communities which were involved in this practice (Salisbury, 2001).Cannibalism can also be an act of revenge and anger, which lead to this practice even to date cannibalism has also been viewed from this perspective by different tribes in Amazon. Cannibalism has also a compassionate face during funerals, it is a practice caused by compassion. This kind of argument is relatively different from that of what typical anthropological theory actually stated. Cannibalism can also be based on the overall worldviews of those who practice it it